What is vacuum distillation

Vacuum distillation is a process used to separate and purify liquids under reduced pressure. The process is particularly useful for separating compounds with high boiling points, which would otherwise decompose or degrade at high temperatures.

In vacuum distillation, a vacuum pump is used to lower the pressure inside a distillation apparatus, such as a distillation flask or column. By reducing the pressure, the boiling point of the liquid is lowered, allowing it to evaporate at a lower temperature.

The process involves heating the liquid to be distilled in a flask or column. As the liquid vaporizes, it rises through the column and condenses on a cooled surface, such as a condenser. The condensed vapor is then collected in a separate container, where it can be further purified or used for its intended purpose.

Vacuum distillation is commonly used in the chemical, petrochemical, and pharmaceutical industries to separate and purify a wide range of compounds, such as solvents, fuels, and pharmaceuticals. It is also used in the production of essential oils from plants and herbs, as well as in the production of distilled water.